Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) have emerged check here as a popular technology for wastewater treatment due to their high removal efficiencies and compact footprint. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes are widely employed in MBR systems owing to their inherent resistance to fouling, chemical durab

Wastewater treatment systems are facing increasing challenges to successfully remove pollutants and create high-quality effluent. Traditional methods often encounter limitations in removing certain contaminants, leading to ecological concerns. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology website has emerged